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What the strikes of early October 2025 showed

Summary
A look back at civilian harm reported on both sides of the border in the days before 12 October 2025.
What was the toll of the war's strikes in the days leading up to 12 October 2025? Reports from the preceding days pointed to civilian casualties on both sides of the front line, in Ukraine and in Russia's Belgorod Oblast.
Strikes inside Ukraine
On 11 October 2025, a Russian strike on a church in Kostiantynivka, Donetsk Oblast, killed at least two people and injured four others, one of them critically.
A few days earlier, on 8 October 2025, a drone strike on a house in Sumy, in Sumy Oblast, injured a family. A 4-year-old girl was in critical condition. Dozens of civilian infrastructure facilities in the city were also damaged.
Casualties in Russia
Also on 8 October 2025, a Ukrainian missile strike on Maslova Pristan, in Russia's Belgorod Oblast, killed three people and injured nine. A search and rescue operation was under way for others believed to be trapped under rubble.
What the pattern shows
Taken together, the reports from 8 to 11 October 2025 describe strikes that hit residential and civilian sites, including a house, a church and civilian infrastructure, in both Ukrainian and Russian border regions. The casualty figures were reported as provisional at the time, with rescue work still continuing in Maslova Pristan.